Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis-health-related quality of life: systematic review plus meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis experience a variety of stressors leading to decreased level of quality of life (QoL). Thus, in this study, we aimed to review the current literature and identify factors affecting the health-related QoL (HRQoL) in these patients. METHODS: A total of 147 studies were extracted from databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Embase published between January 2000 and December 2020. Data were analysed using R software and results were reported with reference to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards. RESULTS: A total of 623 728 patients undergoing dialysis participated in 147 studies in which QoL was assessed by means of two valid questionnaires, including Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL)-short form V.1.3. Total HRQoL score for patients undergoing dialysis measured by KDQOL was 64.25 (95% CI 55.67 to 72.82). Based on SF-36, the mean score of mental health items was higher than the mean score of physical health condition. Furthermore, meta-regression based on the geographical place of residence revealed that the highest QoL in patients was observed in Japan, 66.96 (95% CI 63.65 to 70.28) and Brazil, 58.03 (95% CI 53.45 to 62.6). CONCLUSION: Studies conducted on HRQoL among patients undergoing dialysis recommend useful strategies to clinicians, letting them assess patients' QoL in terms of a wide range of physical, mental and environmental aspects.

Global prevalence of depression in HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of some fatal diseases, including HIV/AIDS, accompanied by depression has become a significant concern in developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. A great deal of time and money are spent on controlling and reducing the complications of this infection across the world. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to clarify the global prevalence rate of depression in patients living with HIV/AIDS via a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODOLOGY: All articles in English, published between 2000 and 2018, were systematically searched from the original databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Embase. As a result, a total of 118 articles were identified. RESULTS: The total sample size in these articles was 51143 people, and the number of patients suffering from moderate and severe levels of depression was 14 942. The results of the analysis based on the random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) model revealed that the prevalence rate of depression in patients with HIV/AIDS was 31% (95% CI 28% to 34%), with a 98% heterogeneity index which was reported significant. Meanwhile, the highest prevalence rate of depression based on continent was in South America at 44% (95% CI 35% to 53%) and the lowest rate was in Europe at 22% (95% CI 17% to 27%). CONCLUSION: In general, there was a higher prevalence rate of depression in developing and underdeveloped countries than in developed countries, which could be attributed to the advancement of science and the possibilities for early diagnosis of this syndrome. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019119137.